{"id":8545,"date":"2024-08-05T21:24:17","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T00:24:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/?p=8545"},"modified":"2024-09-09T19:29:15","modified_gmt":"2024-09-09T22:29:15","slug":"questao-96-enem-ppl-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/questao-96-enem-ppl-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Quest\u00e3o 096 \u2013 ENEM PPL 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pesquisadores desenvolveram uma nova e mais eficiente rota sint\u00e9tica para produzir a subst\u00e2ncia atorvastatina, empregada para reduzir os n\u00edveis de colesterol. Segundo os autores, com base nessa descoberta, <strong>a s\u00edntese da atorvastatina c\u00e1lcica (CaC<sub>66<\/sub>H<sub>68<\/sub>F<sub>2<\/sub>N<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>10<\/sub>, massa molar igual a 1 154 g\/mol<\/strong><strong>)&nbsp; \u00e9 realizada a partir do \u00e9ster 4-metil-3-oxopentanoato de metila (C<sub>7<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>3<\/sub>, massa molar igual a 144 g\/mol<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Unicamp descobre nova rota para produzir medicamento mais vendido no mundo<\/strong>. Dispon\u00edvel em: www.unicamp.br. <br>Acesso em: 26 out. 2015 (adaptado).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Considere o <strong>rendimento global de 20%<\/strong> na s\u00edntese da atorvastatina c\u00e1lcica a partir desse \u00e9ster, <strong>na propor\u00e7\u00e3o de 1 : 1<\/strong>. Simplificadamente, o processo \u00e9 ilustrado na figura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"907\" height=\"253\" src=\"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-176.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8546\" style=\"width:825px;height:auto\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-176.png 907w, https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-176-300x84.png 300w, https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/image-176-768x214.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Considerando o processo descrito, a <strong>massa<\/strong>, em grama, <strong>de atorvastatina c\u00e1lcica obtida a partir de 100 g do \u00e9ster \u00e9 mais pr\u00f3xima de<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A) 20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B) 29.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C) 160.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D) 202.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">E) 231<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Considerando o processo descrito (rendimento de 20% e estequiometria de 1:1), a massa, em grama, de atorvastatina c\u00e1lcica obtida a partir de 100 g do \u00e9ster, pode ser calculada da seguinte forma:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2c90304e wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">144 g do \u00e9ster (1 mol) &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212; 1 154 g de atorvastatina (1 mol)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">100 g do \u00e9ster &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;- x<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>x = 801,4 g de atorvastatina considerando 100% de rendimento.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Por\u00e9m, sabemos que o processo rende somente 20%. Portanto,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-2c90304e wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">801,4 g &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211; 100%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">y &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;- 20%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>y = 160,2 g<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aproximadamente 160 g<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Alternativa C<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pesquisadores desenvolveram uma nova e mais eficiente rota sint\u00e9tica para produzir a subst\u00e2ncia atorvastatina, empregada para reduzir os n\u00edveis de colesterol. Segundo os autores, com base nessa descoberta, a s\u00edntese da atorvastatina c\u00e1lcica (CaC66H68F2N4O10, massa molar igual a 1 154 g\/mol)&nbsp; \u00e9 realizada a partir do \u00e9ster 4-metil-3-oxopentanoato de metila (C7H12O3, massa molar igual a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":8546,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,97],"tags":[],"area-do-conhecimento":[116,120],"assunto":[],"class_list":["post-8545","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-questoes-ppl","category-2018-questoes-ppl","area-do-conhecimento-ciencias-da-natureza-e-suas-tecnologias","area-do-conhecimento-quimica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8545","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8545"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8545\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8550,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8545\/revisions\/8550"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8546"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8545"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8545"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8545"},{"taxonomy":"area-do-conhecimento","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/area-do-conhecimento?post=8545"},{"taxonomy":"assunto","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xequematenem.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/assunto?post=8545"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}